After two years of rapid rate hikes, central banks are finally shifting gears. The ECB has already cut its benchmark rate back down to around 2% after peaking near 4%, while the US Fed is only just starting to trim from its much higher peak. That divergence leaves investors asking an awkward question: if rates keep sliding, which side of the Atlantic has the stronger banks?
The Japanese yen is at a crossroads. After years of playing dual roles – safe-haven asset and funding currency for carry trades – it faces a turning point. BoJ is hinting at ending its era of ultra-low rates, so will the yen regain its safe-haven shine or remain the world’s favourite funding currency?
For decades, Japan has been the land of cheap money. Interest rates sat near zero, sometimes even below, while other countries offered much higher returns. That gap created what traders call the “carry trade.” The logic is simple: borrow yen at almost no cost, swap it into dollars, and invest in US bonds paying 4-5%. The difference becomes your profit.
For more than a decade, money was cheap — maybe too cheap?! Now that era is gone. Rates and bond yields have jumped back to levels we last saw before the financial crisis, and the adjustment is shaking things up.
Oil has this ability to grab the centre stage. A big swing in crude prices can reset inflation expectations almost overnight, unsettle central banks, and shuffle stock-market winners and losers. Think back to 2022. Crude shot up as economies reopened and supply chains buckled, feeding one of the sharpest inflation spikes in decades. The Energy sector loved it. Tech, not so much. Which makes you wonder if oil is really pulling the strings, or just playing a noisy side role?
